As the world braces for a pandemic, it’s important to be aware of the latest developments in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This global research report provides an in-depth look at the current state of COVID-19 and the steps being taken to prepare for and respond to a potential pandemic. The report covers topics such as diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and surveillance. It is essential reading for anyone who wants to know everything they need to know about this potentially devastating virus.
What is coronavirus disease?
coronavirus disease (COVID-) is an acute viral respiratory illness caused by a member of the family of coronaviruses. CORONAVIRUS-DISEASE-GLOBAL-RESEARCH
The coronavirus family includes viruses thatcause severe acute respiratory illnesses (SARS), SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-. CORONAVIRUS-DISEASE-PATHOLOGY
The virus mainly affects the respiratory system, causing fever, cough, shortness of breath, chest pain and difficulty breathing. CORONAVIRUS-DISEASE-TREATMENT
There is no specific treatment for COVID-, however early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics is essential to prevent further health complications.
What are the different types of coronavirus?
The current coronavirus disease (COVID-) pandemic is the largest and most complex outbreak of SARS-CoV ever recorded. The viruses causing COVID- are closely related to SARS-CoV, which was a devastating global pandemic that began in 2002. With more than 8,000 cases reported as of September 2017, COVID- is already more widespread than any previous coronavirus disease outbreak.
There are five types of coronavirus that can cause illness in humans: SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, NEPHILIM CoV, H5N1 CoV and BAKU CoV. All five types can cause severe respiratory illness, which can be deadly if not treated quickly with antiviral medication. Each type of coronavirus has unique characteristics that can make it more or less likely to cause outbreaks and spread widely.
SARS-CoV is the most well known and studied virus causing COVID-. It is believed to have originated from bats and spread through human contact, including contact with respiratory secretions such as saliva or blood. In 2003, SARS-CoV caused a global outbreak that killed over 800 people before it was finally brought under control with aggressive public health measures. Since then, SARS-CoV has only sporadically emerged in humans and has not been detected in the wild for over 10 years.
MERS-CoV is a variant of SARS-CoV that has been identified in several Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian countries. Although MERS-CoV has not caused a global outbreak like SARS-CoV, it is currently the most serious coronavirus related to humans and has killed more than 500 people since 2013.
NEPHILIM CoV is a rare type of coronavirus that was first identified in 2012 in the Republic of Korea. NEPHILIM CoV is believed to cause a less severe form of respiratory illness than other types of coronavirus, which may make it more difficult to detect and identify. As of September 2017, there have been no reported cases of NEPHILIM CoV infection outside of Korea.
H5N1 CoV is a highly pathogenic virus that can cause severe respiratory illness in humans. H5N1 CoV first emerged in 2003 and has caused several pandemics throughout the world, including an outbreak that killed over 1,000 people in 2009. Since 2014, H5N1 CoV has only sporadically emerged in humans and has not spread widely or caused any widespread outbreaks.
BAKU CoV is a novel type of coronavirus that was first identified in the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2016. Unlike other types of coronavirus, BAKU CoV does not cause severe respiratory illness in humans. However, BAKU CoV is believed to be a potential virus underlying a number of severe outbreaks of respiratory illness in animals, including outbreaks of equine encephalitis and cattle flu in the United States. As of September 2017, there have been no reported cases of human infection with BAKU CoV.
What are the symptoms of coronavirus disease?
As of September 2018, a total of 41 cases of COVID-related disease have been reported in 12 countries. The most common symptoms are fever (in nearly half the cases), headache, body aches, and chest pain. In rare cases, people may experience difficulty breathing, diarrhea, vomiting, or rash. Severe infections can lead to pneumonia (a serious lung infection) or even death. As the World Health Organization (WHO) warns: “There is still much to learn about coronavirus disease and its potential consequences.”
How is coronavirus disease spread?
Coronavirus disease is caused by the coronavirus family of viruses. These viruses are spread through contact with respiratory secretions, such as saliva, mucus, or blood, from an infected person. COVID- can also be spread through close contact with an animal that is sick with coronavirus disease. The most common way to catch COVID- is through contact with respiratory secretions from an infected person. Other ways to catch COVID- include contact with fecal matter, touching an animal that has been in close contact with an infected person, and being near a contaminated environment such as a hospital or laboratory. Once you have contracted COVID-, you can spread the virus to other people through close contact. Common symptoms of COVID- include fever, coughing, dyspnea (shortness of breath), and fatigue. In some cases, people may experience more severe symptoms such as pneumonia or encephalitis (swelling of the brain). There is no cure for COVID-, but there are treatments available that can help reduce the severity of symptoms. If you think you may have contracted COVID-, please see your health care provider immediately.
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What is the global response to coronavirus disease?
There is currently no specific treatment or prevention for coronavirus disease (COVID-), which is a serious and potentially deadly viral illness. The main risk factors for contracting coronavirus are travel to areas where the virus is prevalent, such as the Middle East, and being exposed to droplets from an infected person. In recent years, there have been several outbreaks of COVID- in countries around the world.
The global response to COVID- has been largely coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO has established a Coordinating Committee on Infectious Diseases, which includes representatives from national ministries of health, and launched a global campaign to raise awareness of COVID- and encourage people to take precautions against its spread. In 2017, WHO released a new guidelines document on coronavirus disease diagnosis and management, which aims to help healthcare professionals better identify cases and provide appropriate care.
There is still much we don’t know about coronavirus disease, but together we are working hard to learn more.
What is the outlook for coronavirus disease?
The outlook for coronavirus disease (COVID-) is good, with substantial global response efforts led by the World Health Organization (WHO) and partners. The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 in 2003 demonstrated that COVID- can cause a major international health emergency. However, since then, world leaders have worked hard to build up an effective COVID- response system. This includes detecting early cases and tracking their resolution, providing leadership and support for countries where outbreaks occur, improving vaccine development and distribution, and working to prevent new outbreaks through better hygiene and public health practices.
Overall, the outlook for COVID- is good. However, more work needs to be done on developing more effective vaccines against this virus, as well as better understanding how it spreads and how to prevent its spread.
Conclusion
Although there is still much to learn about COVID-19, the global research community has made significant progress in understanding this virus and developing strategies for combating it. By sharing their findings, researchers hope to help reduce the risk of future outbreaks and protect patients around the world.
